General Information About Hemorrhoids
Disease Details and Frequently Asked Questions
It is a condition where the vascular cushions (veins) located in the anal region, which normally help us retain gas and stool, become loose, swell, bleed, and prolapse outward, much like varicose veins in the legs.
Internal Hemorrhoids: These form inside the rectum and cannot be seen from the outside. They are generally painless; the most important symptom is fresh blood dripping onto toilet paper or into the toilet bowl. If they progress, they may prolapse outward.
External Hemorrhoids: These form under the sensitive skin right at the opening of the anus. They swell up like a chickpea, itch intensely, and if a blood clot forms inside (Thrombosed hemorrhoid), they cause unbearable pain that makes even sitting impossible.
The biggest and most fundamental cause is Chronic Constipation and Excessive Straining on the Toilet. Sitting on the toilet for long periods (e.g., on a phone) increases the pressure on the anal veins. Furthermore, pregnancy, obesity, heavy lifting (weightlifting), and a constant spicy/hot diet can trigger hemorrhoids.
ABSOLUTELY NOT. A hemorrhoid is a vascular enlargement; it does not become cancerous. However, the biggest danger is that patients may assume the rectal bleeding is 'just from hemorrhoids' and not go to the doctor, potentially missing a real Bowel (Colon) Cancer hiding behind that bleeding. Anyone experiencing rectal bleeding must consult a doctor.
Early-stage hemorrhoids can be treated without surgery:
Band Ligation (Rubber Banding): In an outpatient setting, a rubber band is placed around the base of the prolapsing hemorrhoid. Deprived of blood supply, the hemorrhoid dries up and falls off within 3-4 days.
Laser/Sclerotherapy: A drying solution is injected into the vein, or it is burned from the inside with a laser to shrink the vein.
If the hemorrhoids are constantly outside and cannot even be pushed back in by hand (Stages 3 and 4), or if they cause severe bleeding, Surgical Hemorrhoidectomy (cutting out the hemorrhoids) or the Longo (stapler) method is applied.
The Only Way to Prevent: Drink plenty of water, consume fiber-rich foods (vegetables/fruits) to soften the stool, and do not sit and strain on the toilet for more than 3 minutes.
Our health library contents are prepared for informational purposes only and with scientific data available at the time of recording. For all your questions, concerns, diagnosis, or treatment regarding your health, please consult your doctor or a healthcare institution.
