General Information About Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Disease Details and Frequently Asked Questions
It is a condition caused by a disruption in the hormone cycle within the female reproductive system, resulting in the ovaries containing numerous small, benign cysts (follicles) due to eggs that attempt to mature but fail to be released.
The cysts in the disease's name are not dangerous tumors that need to be surgically removed. They are actually tiny egg sacs (follicles) that tried to mature but failed to ovulate, trapping fluid inside; they are not removed by surgery.
The most basic findings are delayed periods (or not having periods for months), coarse and dark hair growth on the chin/abdomen/face (hirsutism), stubborn acne, male-pattern hair loss, and weight gain around the abdominal area.
The vast majority of women with PCOS have cells that are insensitive (resistant) to insulin. The body cannot burn sugar and turns it into fat, which causes rapid weight gain and difficulty losing weight. As weight increases, PCOS becomes even more severe (a vicious cycle).
Yes, it is the most common cause of infertility in women. Because of menstrual irregularity, a healthy egg is not released every month (anovulation), so sperm cannot find an egg to fertilize. However, with appropriate treatments, these patients can achieve pregnancy at a very high rate.
The most effective and first-line treatment is losing 5-10% of body weight through a low-carbohydrate diet and exercise; this alone can instantly restore ovulation. In medical treatment, Oral Contraceptive Pills are prescribed to regulate periods and reduce hair growth, while diabetes pills (Metformin) are given to break insulin resistance.
Our health library contents are prepared for informational purposes only and with scientific data available at the time of recording. For all your questions, concerns, diagnosis, or treatment regarding your health, please consult your doctor or a healthcare institution.
